Title: HMga-Hospital Medicine- Gastroenterology-Gastroenteritis; The Alphabet Soup of Viral Hepatitis; Abdominal Pain – The Black Box of the Belly

Faculty: Stephen J. Gluckman, M.D. and Joel Kravitz, M.D.

Original Release Date: July 1, 2021  Expiration Date: July 1, 2024

TOPIC 1: Gastroenteritis.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Relate the major pathogenic mechanisms that result in diarrhea.
2. Differentiate the major pathogens responsible for acute gastroenteritis.
3. Utilize an efficient approach in the evaluation of a patient with acute gastroenteritis as the normal host and in persons with HIV or recent travel.
4. Diagnose and treat various common causes of gastroenteritis as per the current ACG guidelines.

TOPIC 2: The Alphabet Soup of Viral Hepatitis.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{EBM, GL, COMP}

1. Compare and contrast viral hepatitides A through E. Similarities and differences will be stressed, particularly the risks of developing chronic infection and the complications of chronic infection.
2. Distinguish the significant features of hepatitis A through E and interpret the various hepatitis serologies.
3. Select appropriate patients for treatment.
   1. Established and new treatment options will be covered as per the CDC and USPSTF Guidelines.
   2. Select appropriate strategies and options for patients to prevent the acquisition of hepatitis.

TOPIC 3: Abdominal Pain – The Black Box of the Belly.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{COMP, GL}

1. Review some challenging cases of abdominal pain to help differentiate benign from severe abdominal pain.
2. Evaluate the utility of various tests, including labs, ultrasound and CT scan, including during pregnancy using the ACOG opinion guidelines, in the diagnosis of abdominal pain.
3. Determine subtle features of certain presentations of abdominal pain that suggest a more severe cause.
4. Explore diagnoses of abdominal pain in the absence of abdominal pathology.

Title: HMen-Hospital Medicine- The Inpatient Management of Diabetes; Practical Approach to the Patient with Hyperlipidemia; Practical Approach to Thyroid Disease: 1. Hypothyroidism/Elevated TSH 2. Patient with a Thyroid Nodule.

Faculty: Kendal Williams, M.D., M.P.H. and David A. Horowitz, M.D

Original Release Date: July 1, 2021  Expiration Date: July 1, 2024

TOPIC 1: The Inpatient Management of Diabetes.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{COMP, GL}

1. Based on the guidance of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the American Society of Clinical Endocrinologists (ASCE), develop an inpatient diabetes plan for patients that defines the target glucose and the strategy to achieve that target.
2. Design an individualized inpatient management strategy for the diabetic patient that is integrated with the best practice strategies for chronic management.
3. Apply strategies for the effective use of insulin in the inpatient setting.
4. Formulate a transitional care plan for the new diabetic patient.

TOPIC 2: Practical Approach to the Patient with Hyperlipidemia.

Upon completion of this session, using multiple research trials as well as the recommendations of the NCEP, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Apply the current NCEP guidelines.
2. Develop a practical approach for considering the new medications available.
3. Consider the new targets developed for cholesterol end point.

TOPIC 3: Practical Approach to Thyroid Disease: 1. Hypothyroidism/Elevated TSH             2. Patient with a Thyroid Nodule.

Upon completion of this session, by applying recommendations from the AAFP, AACE, ACP, ATA, USPSTF, IOM, and ACOG, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Appreciate the role of the screening TSH and what to do with the results.
2. Develop a reasonable and cost-effective approach to diagnosing the thyroid nodule.
3. Discuss the management of hypothyroidism.

Faculty: David A. Horowitz, M.D.; Kendal Williams, M.D., M.P.H. and Ganesan Murali, M.D.

Original Release Date: July 1, 2021  Expiration Date: July 1, 2024

TOPIC 1: Approach to the Management of Stroke.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able utilize the latest evidence based medicine and guidelines to: ^{EBM, GL, COMP}

1. Develop a strategy to assess the common presentations of stroke/TIA.
2. Utilize current initial treatment strategies appropriately.
3. Develop a strategy to stratify the risk of stroke.
4. Develop a secondary prevention plan.

TOPIC 2: Update on the Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Distinguish the forms of ACS and their relative prognoses.
2. Based on the most recent AHA/ACC guidelines, apply the appropriate initial management of patients experiencing acute coronary syndromes.
3. Based on the most recent AHA/ACC guidelines, categorize the therapeutic options for patients with unstable angina and post-MI.
4. Based on the most recent AHA/ACC guidelines, employ the secondary prevention strategies for patients who have experienced an acute coronary syndrome.

TOPIC 3: Critical Care Cases - A Primary Care Review. 

1. Pulmonary complications in Patients with Chronic Liver Disease
   • Discuss the pathophysiology of pleural effusion, hypoxemia and porto-pulmonary hypertension in patients with cirrhosis
   • Describe the management of pulmonary complications of cirrhosis
   • Review other complications of patients with cirrhosis in critical care
2. Management of Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia
   • Recognize clinical features of patients with hyponatremia and hypernatremia
   • Describe the workup of sodium imbalance
   • Review the treatment of hyponatremia and hypernatremia
3. Detect pulmonary edema in the ICU and formulate a plan for the management of ARDS.

Title: HMca-Hospital Medicine- Cardiology-Valvular Heart Disease; Sudden Cardiac Death, Bradycardia and Atrioventricular Block; Diastolic Heart Failure and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Faculty: Nicholas Ruggiero II, M.D. and Alyson N. Owen, M.D.

Original Release Date: July 1, 2021  Expiration Date: July 1, 2024

TOPIC 1: Valvular Heart Disease.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, EBM, COMP}

1. Indicate when to order echocardiography for heart murmurs.
2. Recognize the appropriate interval of repeat echocardiography imaging.
3. Determine the timing of intervention for severe valvular heart disease as per the ACC/AHA Guidelines.
4. Integrate the indications, strengths and weaknesses of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) and Transcatheter mitral valve repair.
5. Discriminate the current and past indications for endocarditis prophylaxis as per the ACC/AHA Guidelines.

TOPIC 2: Sudden Cardiac Death, Bradycardia and Atrioventricular Block.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{EBM, GL, COMP}

1. Determine which patients need additional evaluation and treatment of ventricular arrhythmias.
2. Assess which patients need additional evaluation and treatment of cardiac conduction abnormalities as per ACC/AHA/HRS Guidelines.
3. Recognize indications for permanent pacemakers.

TOPIC 3: Diastolic Heart Failure and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{EBM, COMP}

1. Describe the prevalence and pathophysiology of diastolic heart failure.
2. Identify effective treatment strategies for diastolic heart failure while considering Clinical Trials such as OPTIMIZE-HF, TOPCAT, PARAMOUNT, etc.
3. Assess prognosis in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
4. Apply appropriate treatment strategies in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.