Title: Emergency Medicine: Aortic Catastrophes, Thunderclap Headache, Ophthalmologic Emergencies, Trauma, Endocrine Emergencies

Course ID: W-20220418-Emergency Medicine-2

Faculty: Andrew Chang, M.D., M.S., F.A.C.E.P., F.A.A.E.M and Joel Kravitz, M.D., F.A.C.E.P, F.R.C.P.S.C.

Original Release Date: July 1, 2022  Expiration Date: July 1, 2025

TOPIC 1: Aortic Catastrophes (Chang) .

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Implement AAA Screening as per the systematic review of guidelines.
2. Determine the Stanford classification of a particular aortic dissection based on location.
3. Apply appropriate initial therapy in the patient with aortic dissection.
4. Assess the risk of rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm based on size.

TOPIC 2: The Thunderclap Headache (Chang) .

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Determine characteristics suggesting a thunderclap headache.
2. Construct a differential diagnosis beyond subarachnoid hemorrhage in the patient presenting with a thunderclap headache as per the ACEP clinical policy on acute headache.
3. Interpret spinal fluid results in the workup of a thunderclap headache.

TOPIC 3: Ophthalmologic Emergencies (Kravitz) .

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Develop an algorithm for the differential diagnosis of the red eye.
2. Create a diagnostic strategy for sudden monocular and binocular blindness.
3. Review the treatment plans for emergent ophthalmic conditions, including glaucoma, and retinal vain and artery occlusions as per the American Academy of Ophthalmology preferred practice pattern guidelines .
4. Develop a treatment strategy for ophthalmic trauma.

TOPIC 4: Trauma and Orthopedic Pitfalls (Kravitz) .

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Detect subtle injuries that, unless treated, can have impact on long term musculoskeletal function.
2. Determine and treat subtle presentation of severe traumatic and neurologic injuries.
3. Distinguish particular injury patterns to avoid missing correlated injuries in a traumatically injured patient.

TOPIC 5: Endocrine Emergencies (Kravitz).

Upon completion of this session, the participant should be able to: ^{GL, COMP}

1. Develop, using the lated evidence and the ADA position statement, a comprehensive treatment plan for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
2. Compare and contrast DKA and hyperosmolar non-ketotic states (HHNK).
3. Detect adrenal insufficiency and formulate an efficient treatment plan.
4. Construct treatment algorithms as per the AACE guidelines, for the management of thyrotoxicosis, hyperthyroidism, and thyroid storm.